HEIAN - Ichijo Tenno

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. ABC List of Heian Contents .
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Ichijō-tennō, Ichijoo Tennoo 一条天皇 Emperor Ichijo
Emperor Ichijyo

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Emperor Ichijō 一条天皇 Ichijō-tennō, 
(July 15, 980 – July 25, 1011) was the 66th emperor of Japan,
according to the traditional order of succession.



Ichijō's reign spanned the years from 986 to 1011.

Before he ascended to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina) was Kanehito-shinnō.
Kanehito-shinnō was the first son of Emperor En'yū and Fujiwara no Senshi, a daughter of Fujiwara no Kaneie. Since there are no documented siblings, it is supposed that he was an only child.
Ichijō had five Empresses or Imperial consorts and five Imperial sons and daughters.
His reign coincided with the culmination of Heian period culture and the apex of the power of the Fujiwara clan.
In 984,
he was appointed as crown prince under 花山天皇 Emperor Kazan. It was rumored contemporarily that his maternal grandfather Kaneie plotted to have Kazan retire from the throne.
Ichijō ascended the throne at the age of six.
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Ichijō had two empress consorts. First was Teishi (or Fujiwara no Sadako), a daughter of Fujiwara no Michitaka, second was Shōshi (or Akiko), a daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga, a younger brother of Michitaka. Most people thought it impossible to have two empress consorts, but Michinaga claimed that the empress held two separate titles, Chūgū and Kōgō, which were different in principle and could therefore given to two different women.
The courts of both empresses were known as centers of culture.
Sei Shōnagon, author of The Pillow Book, was a lady in waiting to Teishi. Murasaki Shikibu was a lady in waiting to Shoshi. There were other famous poets in the courts of the empresses.
Ichijō loved literature and music.
For this reason, high ranked courtiers felt the necessity for their daughter to hold cultural salons with many skillful lady poets. Particularly he was fond of the flute. Ichijō was known for his temperate character and was beloved by his subjects.
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Ichijō is buried amongst the "Seven Imperial Tombs" at 竜安寺 Ryoan-ji Temple in Kyoto. The mound which commemorates the Emperor Ichijō is today named 衣笠山Kinugasa-yama. The emperor's burial place would have been quite humble in the period after Ichijo died.
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The years of Ichijō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.
Eien 永延 (987–988)
Eiso 永祚 (988–990)
Shōryaku 正暦 (990–995)
Chōtoku 長徳 (995–999)
Chōhō 長保 (999–1004)
Kankō 寛弘 (1004–1012)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. 瑠璃山 Rurizan 正光院 Temple Shoko-In .
港区元麻布3-2-20 / 3 Chome-2-20 Motoazabu, Minato ward, Tokyo

The main statue of this temple is
Koyasu Yakushi 子安薬師 Yakushi Nyorai to protect children

The statue was made by 恵心僧都 源信 Eshin Sozu Genshin in the middle Heian period, carved at the birth of 一条天皇 Ichijo Tenno with prayers for the baby to grow up healthy. This wooden statue was lost in WWII, the present statue is a gift from Mount Koyasan.

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. Tsubosakadera 壷阪寺 .



This Temple is the sixth of 33 scared place of Kannon in the West of Japan and the principal image Juichmen Kanzeon Bosatsu (Eleven-faced Goddess of Mercy) enshrined in the Temple has been extensively worshipped as the goddess marvelously responsive to eye diseases.
Emperors Gensho, Ichijo and Kanmu and man other famous historical persons prayed for the recovery from their eye diseases.


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. Kani Yakushi 蟹薬師 "Crab Yakushi" .
大寺山願興寺 Daiji San, Ganko-Ji // Mitake no Kani Yakushi 御嵩の蟹薬師

closely related to the emperor Ichijoo Tennoo 一条天皇 Ichijo Tenno, when the annual festival 蟹薬師祭礼 started.

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. Shiba Daijinguu 芝大神宮 Shiba Daijingu .

Founded in 1005, by the Emperor Ichijoo Tennoo 一条天皇 Ichijo Tenno.

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----- A legend about this Tenno:

He was maybe the first "pet lover" in documented history.


source : ntt-card.com/trace

He had a cat which he loved very much. One day a dog chased the cat, so he banned the dog for a while from his view. Even when the dog was allowed to come back, he was so afraid of his master that he did not eat a thing.
Therefore the Tenno pardoned him explicitly and took him in his lap again. The happy dog soon begun to eat again.

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

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Emperor Ichijo 一条天皇 (Ichijou tennou)
Emperor Ichijô was an emperor of the Heian period, perhaps most well-known as being the reigning emperor during the composition of the Tale of Genji and Murasaki nikki by Murasaki Shikibu, and of The Pillow Book by Sei Shônagon. It was in Ichijô's court that much of the events related or referenced in these works took place.
A son of Emperor En'yû,
born in the Sanjô Palace and largely raised there by his grandfather Fujiwara no Kaneie, he succeeded to the throne upon the abdication of his uncle Emperor Kazan on 986/6/23. His accession ceremony was held on 7/22 that year. Ichijô's grandfather Fujiwara no Kaneie served as sesshô (regent for an emperor in his minority) from 986 until 990, and very briefly as kanpaku (regent for an adult emperor) following Ichijô's genpuku (coming of age) that year at the age of ten. Later that same year (990), Fujiwara no Michitaka took over as regent, holding the title of sesshô until 993 and then that of kanpaku until 995. Finally, Fujiwara no Michikane served as kanpaku briefly in 995.
He took Fujiwara no Akiko, a daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga, as his First Empress; she came to be known as Empress Shôshi. In 1000, he promoted Fujiwara no Sadako, also known as Empress Teishi, to First Empress, demoting Shôshi to Second Empress and creating considerable factional tension within the palace. As Murasaki Shikibu served Shôshi and Sei Shônagon served Teishi, this event contributed to rivalries between the two women which appear in their writings.
Ichijô abdicated the throne on 1011/6/13
in favor of his cousin, a son of Emperor Reizei, who took the throne as Emperor Sanjô. Ichijô then formally took the tonsure and entered retirement on 6/19, but died several days later on 1011/6/22.
One of his sons would later succeed Emperor Sanjô as Emperor Go-Ichijô.
- source : wiki.samurai-archives.com/ -

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MUSIC AND RELIGION IN JAPAN
In the reign of the Emperor Ichijyo (r. 986–1011),
mikagura was performed in the Naishidokoro (Kashikodokoro) Palace to the accompaniment of kagurabue (a bamboo transverse flute), hichiriki (a double-reed pipe), and wagon.
- source : 2005 Thomson Gale -

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. Sei Shōnagon 清少納言 Sei Shonagon .

. Murasaki Shikibu 紫式部 .

. Japanese History / The Middle Heian Period .

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一条天皇 (人物叢書) bu 倉本一宏

- Reference - 一条天皇 -

- Reference - Emperor Ichijo -
Emperor Go-Ichijō was the 68th emperor of Japan

- Reference - Emperor Ichijyo -
Abeno Seimei Shrine was reportedly built by the 66th Emperor Ichijyo in 1007.
There was a very clever girl who was a daughter of Emperor Ichijyo.
Ichijyo Modoribashi

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. Legends - Heian Period (794 to 1185) - Introduction .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

- #ichijo #ichijotenno #ichijyo-
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Heian Period Japan on 2/18/2017 09:52:00 am

MINGEI - tsuiki hammered metal ware

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. Niigata Folk Art - 新潟県　- Introduction .
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tsuiki 鎚起, tsuikin 鎚金 hammered metal ware, metalware

Tsuiki means shaping metal by hand hammering。


tankin　鍛金　hammering　
The term tankin is used in Japan today to refer to a range of different techniques that broadly divide into tanzo, tsuiki, shibori and bankin.

Tanzo (forging) is the technique used for iron. The other techniques are used for gold, silver, copper and alloys. When a solid mass of metal is hammered out, the technique is known as tsuiki.
Shibori and bankin are techniques used on sheet metal that has been prepared in advance by mechanical means.

Bankin involves the cutting and bending of sheet metal, whereas shibori, which allows the creation of freely conceived forms, involves hammering. Most metals harden when they are hammered and become soft and pliable when they are heated and slowly cooled, a process known as annealing (yakinamashi). These properties are made use of in all tankin techniques except bankin.
- source -　nihon-kogeikai.com - 日本工芸会 -

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tankin　緞金 beating gold
Also called tanzoo 緞造, uchimono 打物, tsuikin 鎚金 and kaji 鍛冶.
A basic metalwork technique for hammering out a metal lump with a metal or wooden hammer, beating a metal sheet thin from the front and back, or pressing metal to give it form. Used since the Japanese first started to use metals in the Yayoi period, and employed at first for gold, silver and copper, then for bronze, nickel, brass, iron and tin.
Tankin techniques are divided into categories of tsuikin, bankin 板金 and oshidashi 押出.
Tsuikin (hammer relief) is beating sheet metal from the front and back to give three dimensional form or relief patterns.
In the Kofun period it was used on long swords and harnesses; it is common on Buddhist altar fittings since the Nara period; in the Muromachi period it is seen on fittings of helmets and armor; and in the Meiji period Yamada Sobi 山田宗美 utilized it for sculpture.
Bankin (sheet metal process) is the folding and soldering of metal sheets to create three-dimensional forms such as reliquaries, sutra boxes and hanging lanterns.
Oshidashi (extrusion) uses a thin metal sheet on a template and is beaten from the top to transfer the shape; it can be utilized for mass production. In the Nara period, it was used widely for *oshidashibutsu 押出仏 (extruded Buddhist image) and the *sentaibutsu 千体仏 (thousand Buddhist images) inside the Tamamushi shrine *Tamamushi no zushi 玉虫厨子 in Houryuuji 法隆寺.
It requires a kanatoko 鉄床 (anvil), *kanazuchi 鉄鎚 (iron hammer), *kizuchi 木槌 (a mallet), ategane 当金 (dolly), *tagane 鏨 (graver) and yasuri 鑢 (file) to make *butsuzou 仏像 (Buddhist image), butsugu 仏具 (altar fittings), dora 銅鑼 (gongs), bugu 武具 (armory), *kooro 香炉 (an incense burner), pots, dishes and kettles.
- source : JAANUS -

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tankin no iroha 緞金のいろは the basics of beating metal
- reference source : akaitaro.com/tankin-

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- ABC - List of tsuiki from the Prefectures

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................................................................................ Niigata　新潟　燕市 　

Tsubame Tsuiki Dooki 燕鎚起銅器　Tsuiki Doki : hammered metal ware from Tsubame town
Reference mentions bronze, tin or copper as the main material used.



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Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware
- - - - - Description
Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware are metalwork made in an area around Tsubame City, Niigata Prefecture. As traditional craftwork originating in the mid-Edo Period, Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware have been produced in the form of kettles, and the like, by using copper extracted from the region's Mt. Yahiko.
Tsuiki means shaping metal by hand hammering, and in this case one piece of malleable copper plate will be extended using a range of traditional skills and techniques. Characteristics of Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware include a shiny appearance created by tsuiki performed by a master artisan, and with time the texture of copper increases in attractiveness with long-term use and proper care. In addition to kettles, other beautiful Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware every day articles include vases, water pitchers, teapots, and the like. And apart from looking so fine, tea poured from a copper teapot is said to have a milder taste due to the action of metal ions. Each product is made by several hundred thousand hammer blows making the outer side so smooth it looks like china.
Tsubame Tuiki Coppereware was designated as a traditional craft by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry in 1981.
- - - - - HISTORY
Tsubame City, Niigata Prefecture, famous for its production of metalwork, has a history starting from the making of Japanese nails in around the early Edo Period. Tsubame Tsuiki Doki originates with artisans from Sendai visiting Tsubame City sometime in the mid-Edo Period and introducing the copperware techniques of tsuiki; the hammering techniques of that time have been handed down for well over 200 years. Tsubame City is currently the only area producing tsuiki copperware in the country. The main reason for the development of the production of tsuiki copperware in the region is the high-grade copper ore extracted from neighboring Mt. Yahiko. Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware over time developed techniques beyond the simple making of kettles and in the Meiji Period adopted metal carving techniques suited for more artistic crafts. Copperware, such as teapots, vases, and art work, which become more attractive over a long period of time has been loved for many years, and has become indispensable in daily life.
A vase of Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware was even dedicated to the Emperor Meiji in 1894.
- - - - - PROCESS
1. Hammering
The production processes of hammered copperware vary depending on the shape of article to be made. The following explanation describes the making of the popular kettle. There are four basic processes: copper plate cutting, plate shaping, decorative work, and finishing. In the first process, a copper plate is cut to size. Hammering is then performed on a side surface part. The copper plate is placed on a wooden table exclusively used for this process, and the side surface part is hammered with a wooden hammer. Varying indentations on the wooden table are important for creating different sections of the kettle, such as a side surface or the spout. The strength and angle of hammering need to be considered depending on the rigidity and malleability of the copper plate. This process requires a very high level of skill, and is a true test of the artisan's abilities.
2. Uchishibori (Thinning)
Next, the copper plate is hammered and made thinner. The copper plate is placed on a metal tool called a torikuchi (L shaped stake). This tool, which is also called an ategane (stake), is used for a variety of techniques and purposes depending on the item being made, and when used is inserted in an agariban (wooden table) made from Japanese zelkova. The copper plate needs to be hammered many times in order to make a kettle spout; a task requiring much perseverance and concentration.



3. Annealing
Continuously hammered copper plate becomes gradually harder, and needs to be temporarily softened in a furnace at around 650°C. Hammering and heating are repeated many times until completion.
4. Shaping
Any irregularities and deformation on the body are adjusted and balanced to give a beautiful shape. The surface becomes shinier as it is repeatedly hammered.
5. Metal carving
After the product is shaped, the surface is processed. A detailed design is drawn, engraved, and carved with a tool called a tagane (cold chisel). Inlaying is sometimes carried out to overlay the product with gold and silver decoration. Metal carving adds brightness and elegance to the plain copper color of the kettle.
6. Coloring and Finishing
Finally, to give a different texture to the metal surface, the kettle is dipped into a solution and the color changed. There are two kinds of coloring methods. In the black color-based method, the kettle is tinned and fired at 800°C, and then hammered. For coloring, the product is then boiled in the liquid obtained by mixing green rust and copper sulfate, which gives an attractive dark purple color called kinko. In the red color-based method, the product is boiled for several hours longer in the liquid until the creation of a brown color called sentoku. Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware articles made by repeated hammering of a single piece of copper plate have a unique beauty seen in no other metal work.
The copperware we see today is a testimony to the traditional techniques of tsuiki lying at the heart of Tsubame Tsuiki Coppereware and faithfully handed down through generations of skilled artisans.
- - - - - Tsubame Industrial Materials Museum
- source : kogeijapan.com/locale -

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Hand Hammered Copper Vase by Gyokusendo Corp
- source : themodernvault.com/product -



CLICK for more of Gyokusendo metal art work !

- HP of Gyokusendo 無形文化財 鎚起銅器 - 200 Years Gyokusendo 玉川堂
- reference source : gyokusendo.com-

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Tsubame-tsuiki Bronze Ware
Tsubame-tsuiki bronze ware is a traditional artifact that is created using an extremely complex forging technique, which can be summarized as the hammering of a plate of bronze in a wide variety of ways. This will turn it into the shapes of various accessories such as kettles, flower vases and plateware.

While it might seem a great wonder that one plate of metal can be turned into the shape of an almost round object, this is what makes a Tsubame-tsuiki bronze ware artisan a master of his craft. On the inner side of a bronze plate, one connects an iron stick called "Toriguchi" whose pointed end can come in hundred different kinds of shapes. When the plate is beaten from the outside with a hammer (of which there are hundred types as well), it eventually changes into a 3-dimensional shape. The vibration that is given to the bronze plate creates some unique effects, depending on the shapes of "Toriguchi" and hammers and how the plate is beaten; It can then be stretched or even shrunk. This is the hardest part of its production process, and it would take 20 to 30 years for one artisan to be able to handle the entire process on his/her own.

The metal-processing industry in Tsubame city, Niigata prefecture originated from the making of Japanese nails as a side business for farmers in the beginning of the 17th century. With the convenience of the near Yahiko mountain being a copper mine, many variety of products connected fine skills and creativity came to prominence. These included bronze ware, pipe, file, and yatate (portable writing utensils with a brush and an ink bottle).

During the 18th century, a technique called "Tsuiki" was brought by artisans from the area which covers the current Sendai in Miyagi Prefecture. It enables one to make kettles, flower vases or plates without any joint lines by beating out one bronze plate repeatedly. This was the start of Tsubame-tsuki bronze ware, leading to what has now become a world-famous craft. It has the practicality and artistry of traditional craftwork created by highly-skilled artisans and its luster more comes out after repeated use.

In addition to traditional everyday items, Tsubame-tsuiki bronze ware is now available in the form of new product designs which have never been seen before, such as Western plates or wine coolers, receiving high acclaim in and out of the country. It has been used as plateware, for instance, in a world-famous French restaurant and has been featured in collaborations with well-known brands' new products, which has served the purpose of spreading traditional Japanese craftwork out to the rest of the world.
- - - - - Tsubame Local Industry Promotion Center
- source : japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/crafts -



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Posted By Gabi Greve to Omamori - Japanese Amulets on 2/13/2017 10:31:00 am

EDO - Gofunai temples 22 and 23

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. Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 88 Henro Temples in Edo .
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Nr. 22 - Nanzooin 南蔵院 Nanzo-In

- 天谷山 Tengokuzan　南蔵院 Nanzo-In　竜福寺 Ryufuku-Ji
新宿区箪笥町42 / 42 Tansumachi, Shinjuku ward
Shingon Sect : 豊山派



This temple was founded in 1615 by 正胤法印 priest Masatsugu on behalf of 牛込勝重 Ushigome Katsushige, the lord of Ushigome Castle.
The main statue is 千手観世音菩薩 Kannon with 1000 arms.

In the beginning there were two statues of 弁財天 Benzaiten in two sanctuaries.
In 1681, the 上宮 Upper Sanctuary had to be relocated and was then re-named. The other statue of Benten was relocated to temple 宗参寺 and gave rise to the district named 弁天町 Benten-Cho.
In the Edo period, people who made weapons (at that time called tansu 箪笥) begun to live close to the temple.
The present main hall was erected in 1984.

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- ご詠歌 - chant of the temple 平等寺 Byodo-Ji in Shikoku :
平等にへだてのなきと聞く時は　あらたのもしき仏とぞみる
Byōdō ni hedate no naki to kiku toki wa ara tanomoshiki hotoke to zo miru


- 朱印 - stamp of the temple :


- Homepage of the temple
- source : tesshow.jp/funai88


南蔵院歓喜天堂 Hall for Kankiten

. Kankiten (Kangiten)　歓喜天, Shooten　聖天 Ganesh.

. Introduction of Kannon Bosatsu .

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- - - - - #edohistory - - - - -

Tansumachi 箪笥町 / Koishikawa Gotansu Machi 小石川御箪笥町



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... in this case, tansu doesn't refer to furniture. It refers to weapons.
In the Edo Period the general term for the arms, armor, and ordnance of the shōgunate was 箪笥 tansu.

In 1713, this area was entrusted to a local magistracy and a 町 machi town was developed. The original name of the town was 牛込御箪笥町 Ushigome go-tansu machi. By the way, 御箪笥 go-tansu is the honorific term for 箪笥 tansu.

The title of the magistrate who oversaw the private arsenals of the shōgunate was tansu bugyō 簞笥奉行 Tansu Bugyo. His office managed the full sets of armor, bows and arrows, and lances of the shōgunate. The people who worked under this office weren't only in charge of weapons, though.
The broad office title of 御納戸役 o-nandoyaku store room service referred to the mid-level samurai who would fetch and file and take inventory and maintain the clothes, supplies and furniture of the shōgunal family. They might also do the day to day work of managing the transactions of the shōgunal coffers. When gifts had to be given to lords or foreign emissaries, these were the samurai clerks who made it happen.
Whether the magistrate or the warehouses themselves were in this area isn't really important. The name derives from the fact that dormitories, 武家屋敷長屋 buke yashiki nagaya long houses, and the homes of other officials associated with this type of work were based here. So while this name is confusing to us now, in the Edo Period it was a way of designating what work and what class of samurai were living in the area.
A samurai clerk of this level would make a stipend of 100-200 koku.
- source : japanthis.com/2013... -


春立つやぶらり牛込箪笥町
haru tatsu ya burari Ushigome Tansumachi

spring begins -
I take a leisurely walk in Ushigome
Tansumachi town

赤瀬川昌彦 Akasegawa Masahiko

. tansu 箪笥 / 簞笥 -- たんす chest of drawers .


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Nr. 23 - 薬研堀不動院 Yagenbori Fudo-In

- 川崎大師東京別院 Kawasaki Daishi Tokyo Betsu-In
中央区東日本橋2-6-8 / 2 Chome-6-8 Higashinihonbashi, Chūō ward
Shingon Sect : 智山派



This temple was founded in 1585 by 大印僧都 Daiin Sozu.
The main statue is Tsuzura Fudo Myo-O 葛籠不動明王 "Fudo in a wicker box".
This is one of the Three Great Fudo Statues of Edo 江戸三大不動.

The Fudo statue had been carved by the venerable priest
. 興教大師覚鑁 Kogyo Daishi Kakuban (1095 - 1143) .
at the temple 根来寺 Negoro-Ji in Wakayama.
Priest Daiin had packed this statue in a wicker box and carried it all the way to Kanto after Toyotomi Hideyoshi had burned the temple Negoro-Ji in 1585. He found this place suitable and built a temple for the statue.
After many ups and downs, in 1892, this temple became a special temple to 真言宗智山派大本山川崎大師平間寺 Kawasaki Daishi Heiken-Ji.

. Kawasaki Daishi 川崎大師 .
Founded in 1128, it is the headquarters of the Chizan sect of Shingon Buddhism.



江戸名所図会 Edo Meisho Zue - Yagenbori and Fudo Temple

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- ご詠歌 - chant of the temple 薬王寺 Yakuo-Ji . in Shikoku :
皆人のやみぬる年の薬王寺　るりの薬をあたへまします
Mina hito no yaminuru toshi no Yakuōji ruri no kusuri o ataemashimasu

. 医王山 Iozan　無量寿院 Muryoju-In　薬王寺 Yakuo-Ji .

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- 朱印 - stamp of the temple :


- Homepage of the temple
- source : kawasakidaishi.com/about

- Also part of the following pilgrimages:
. 関東三十六不動 36 Fudo Temples in Kanto . - Nr. 21.

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source : yumechigai.exblog.jp...

葛籠不動明王 Tsuzura Fudo Myo-O "in a wicker box"
. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja – Fudo Myoo .


. Three Most Famous Fudo 三大不動尊 in Japan .

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- - - - - #edohistory - - - - -

Yagenbori 薬研堀 "Yagen Canal" in Edo

Yagen is a chemist's or doctor's mortar form which is like a V, deep and small, to crush medicine. The canals in Edo were often in this form.

Yagen Shichimi Togarashi - special red pepper from Yagenbori
Yagenbori in Edo is in Asakusa, an old center of entertainment.
A medicine dealer of the area (Yagenbori), more than 400 years ago, began to mix these ingredients to serve as condiments to go with noodles and other Edo food. It can be mixed to be very hot, medium or rather mild.
Reference



Yagen red pepper containers

. shichimi toogarashi 七味唐辛子 "seven flavors and red pepper" .

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source : mfa Boston Museum

Temple of Fudô at Yagenbori (Yagenbori Fudôson やけんぼり　不動尊)
Utagawa Kunisada I (Toyokuni III) (1786 – 1864)

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- reference : 御府内八十八 南蔵院 -
- reference : 御府内八十八 薬研堀不動院 -
- reference : yagenbori fudo -

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This is the end of the first part of the Shikoku Pilgrimage to 23 temples
阿波（徳島）発心の道場　-- hosshin awakening - Tokushima Awa



. Shikoku Henro Temple List 四国遍路　 .

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- Koya San in Wakayama 和歌山　高野山　-

- Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師　空海 (774 - 835) -

. Gyoki Bosatsu 行基菩薩 (668 - 749) Saint Gyōki .

. Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 Pilgrimage to 88 Henro Temples in Edo .
- Introduction -

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. Join the Updates of Facebook ! .

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .

. Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! – The Edopedia .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 1/14/2017 02:11:00 pm

EDO - Gofunai temples 24 and 25

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. Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 88 Henro Temples in Edo .
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From here starts the second part of the Shikoku Pilgrimage to 16 temples
土佐（高知）修行の道場　-- shugyo austerities - Kochi Tosa



. Shikoku Henro Temple List 四国遍路　 .

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Nr. 24 - Saishooji 最勝寺 Saisho-Ji

- 高天山 Kotenzan　大徳院 Daitoku-In 　最勝寺 Saisho-Ji
新宿区上落合3-4-12 / 3 Chome-4-12 Kamiochiai, Shinjuku
Shingon Sect : 豊山派



This temple was probably founded in the Kamakura period on request of 北条時頼 Hojo Tokiyori (1227 - 1263)
It was revitalized around 1750 by 正等和尚 priest Shoto Osho (1703-1774), who's grave is at
Gofunai Temple 31, 多聞院 Tamon-In.
The main statue is 釈迦牟尼如来 Shakamuni Nyorai.
In the Edo period it was related to the shrines 中井御霊神社 and
下落合東山藤稲荷神社 Kami-Ochiai Higashiyama Fuji Inari Jinja.
After the Meiji restauration it was related to 内藤新宿花園神社 Naito Shinjuku Hanasono Jinja
with a Hall for Kobo Daishi at 三光院 Sanko-In.

In spring a famous shidarezakura　枝垂桜 hanging cherry tree decorates the compound.

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- ご詠歌 - chant of the temple 最御崎寺 Hotsumisaki-Ji in Shikoku :
明星の出でぬる方の東寺　暗き迷いはなどかあらまじ
Myōjō no idenuru kata no higashidera kurakimayoi wa nadoka aramashi

. 室戸山 Murotozan　明星院 Myosho-In 最御崎寺 Hotsumisaki-Ji / Shikoku .

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- 朱印 - stamp of the temple :


- Homepage of the temple
- source : tesshow.jp/shinjuku/temple...


. Introduction of Shaka Nyorai .

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- - - - - #edohistory - - - - -



In the compound of the temple
. Shichifukujin 七福神 Seven Gods of Good Luck .


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Nr. 25 - Choorakuji 長楽寺 Choraku-Ji

- 六所山 Rokujozan　長命院 Chomei-In　長楽寺 Choraku-Ji
日野市程久保8-49-1 （旧角筈村）/ 8 Chome-49-1 Hodokubo, Hino-shi, Tōkyō (former Tsunohazu village)
(close to Tama Dobutsu Koen 多摩動物公園 Tama Zoological Park)
Shingon Sect : 豊山派



This temple was founded in 1620 by 頼音和尚 Priest Raion.
The main statue is 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O. The statue has been brought to Japan from China by Kobo Daishi.
The Statue of Kobo Daishi is venerated as Yakuyoke Daishi 厄除大師 Daishi to protect from evil influence and disaster.

The temple was first erected in 1620 on behalf of the governor 渡辺与兵衛 Watanabe Yohei as a huge compound with many buildings, at Tsunohazu.
Shogun 徳川家綱 Tokugawa Ietsuna (1641 - 1680) on his way to pray at the shrine 大国魂神社 Okunitama Jinja. When he passed here, he stopped and wrote the name Rokujozan with his own pen.
The temple was lost in the Second World War and relocated to its present place in 1960. It was a long-lasting reconstruction, now including the buildings
本堂 Main Hall, 阿弥陀堂Amida hall, 鎮守 Hall for the Regional Kami deity,
地蔵堂 Jizo Hall (with a kosodate Jizo 子育て地蔵 to pray for the upbringing of children),
事務所 temple office, 鐘楼 bell tower, 客殿 guest hall , 庫裡 temple kitchen and others.
The temple is a sub-temple of 長谷寺（奈良県）Hasedera in Nara.

. 大国魂神社 Okunitama Jinja .
rokusho matsuri 六所祭 "festival at six places"

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- ご詠歌 - chant of the temple 津照寺 Shinsho-Ji in Shikoku :
法の舟入るか出るかこの津寺　迷うわが身をのせてたまえや
Nori no fune iru ka izuru ka kono Tsudera mayou wagami o nosete tamae ya

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- 朱印 - stamp of the temple :



shiawase kozoo しあわせ小僧 a young acolyte to bring happiness

To become happy, the pilgrim has to stand in front of the statue and adjust his hands in prayer
so that the wrinkles of the hands (shiwa 皺) meet (awase 合わせ).
This is a pun with shiwa awase - shiawase.

- Homepage of the temple
- source : tesshow.jp/tama/hino

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Jizo Bosatsu on the slope up to the temple.

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- - - - - #edohistory - - - - -

Utagawa Hiroshige (1797-1858) was fond of 角筈 Tsunohazu:


角筈熊野十二社　Tsunohazu Kumano Junisha 12 Shrines



The Kumano Shrine and the Pond of the Twelve Shrines at Tsunohazu in Yotsuya
(Yotsuya Tsunohazu Jûnisô ike Kumano yashiro



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- reference : 御府内八十八 最勝寺 -
- reference : 御府内八十八 長楽寺 -

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- Koya San in Wakayama 和歌山　高野山　-

- Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師　空海 (774 - 835) -

. Gyoki Bosatsu 行基菩薩 (668 - 749) Saint Gyōki .

. Shikoku Henro Temple List 四国遍路　 .

. Gofunai 御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 Pilgrimage to 88 Henro Temples in Edo .
- Introduction -

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. Join the Updates of Facebook ! .

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .

. Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! – The Edopedia .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 1/16/2017 01:35:00 pm

EDO - Tsukuda Shima Island

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Tsukudajima 佃島 / 佃嶌 The Island Tsukuda　 　
Chuo Ward, Tokyo　中央区東京

佃 refers to a cultivated rice field, but the area is better known for its special food preparation

. tsukudani つくだに (佃煮) simmering in sweetened soy sauce .
It has been used since olden times as a kind of food preserve. It started with the fishermen from Tsukuda island, who prepared the leftovers of fish in this way. They came originally from Settsu in the Osaka area and Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu settled them at Tsukuda island.
The village head of Tsukuda village　佃村 in Settsu was 森孫右衛門　Mori Magoemon, who came with 32 of his fellow fishermen to Edo. The fishermen had helped Ieyasu make escape from the Osaka region after Oda Nobunaga killed himself in the Honnō-Jji incident.
Tsukudani 佃煮 soon became a speciality of Edo and Tokyo.


Buyoo Tsukudajima 武陽佃嶌 Tsukuda Island in Musashi Province
葛飾北斎 Katsushika Hokusai



- More details are here :
- source : adachi-hanga.com/ukiyo-e -

Tsukuda-jima in Edo, in Musashi Province (Buyô Tsukuda-jima),
from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (Fugaku sanjûrokkei)

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- quote
Tsukuda-Shima
The boat slides smoothly up onto the sand beach of a small but bustling island. Tsukuda island is a low, sandy islet at the mouth of the Sumida river, which runs through the heart of Edo. Apart from a few patches of trees and small vegetable gardens, the entire island is occupied by a thriving village of fishermen and boat pilots, who make their living from the commerce of Edo Bay.

This island is located in an ideal spot for people who make their living from the sea. It is located right at the mouth of the Sumida river -- the largest waterway in Edo. From here, small boats can easily make their way up the river and through the network of canals to most of the neighborhoods in downtown Edo. To the south, deep water channels extend out into Edo bay. The docks of Shiba and Tsukiji are nearby, so large boats can anchor near the island as they wait to be unloaded.

The volume of goods brought into Edo is so large that no single port could possibly handle it. Although the most important cargoes are unloaded at the docks of Shiba, Tsukiji, Minato and Shinagawa, a lot of ships unload their cargoes directly onto small barges and takase-bune as they lie at anchor here, in the lee of Tsukuda island. The smaller boats then carry the goods through Edo's network of canals and waterways to small, riverside wharves, known as kashi.

Because of its location, Tsukuda island is a convenient spot for barges and small boats to stop while waiting for the large ships to start unloading. The beaches are almost always crowded with small boats, and the few chaya (teahouses) on the island are filled with customers chatting, gossipping and sipping their tea as they wait.

In addition to these visitors, the island is home to a thriving village of fishermen. The residents of Tsukuda island came to Edo in the mid-1600s at the request of Shogun Ieyasu. Edo needed to increase the supply of fish to the city, because its population was growing too fast for the existing fishermen to keep up with demand. To convince people to leave their homes in western Japan and move to Edo, the Shogun offered them the special right to fish anywhere in Edo Bay that they want. Entire villages of fishermen accepted the offer, and moved to Edo, establishing large villages in the "Edo-mae" area, including one on Tsukuda island and one on the other side of the Sumida river, in Fukagawa.

Although these fishermen are not allowed to sell their products to the Shogun and his court, they do supply a large share of the fish bought by average citizens. Edo Bay is a rich source of all kinds of seafood, and the fishermen of Tsukuda island have developed many different methods of catching each type. Solitary fish, such as tai (red snapper) are usually caught with a regular fishing line. Other fish can be caught the same way, but it is usually more effective to use nets.


shirauo ami 白魚網 large net for whitebait (Salanx microdon)
This catch was done from November till March.

The fishermen have developed a wide variety of different nets to catch different types of fish. Triangular nets on the end of long forked poles are used to catch fish that live in the mud at the bottom o the bay, such as hirame (flatfish) or tako (octopus). Small fish that swim in schools, for example iwashi (sardines), can be caught by just one person using a throwing net. But in order to catch larger fish, like saba (mackerel) and katsuo (bonito), the fishermen have to use huge nets, and work together in a group. Sometimes they use nets that are so big, they have to work in large groups, to haul the nets back in to shore.

Most of the fish can be caught right here in Edo Bay, but some of the largest types, such as maguro (tuna), can only be caught out in the open sea. Once in a while, fishing fleets will leave the bay for several days at a time to chase the huge schools of tuna. They may even attempt to catch a whale. When they are successful, these ocean expeditions can be very profitable. A big load of tuna or whale meat will bring a great price in the fishmarkets of Nihonbashi. However, fishing boats are not as well built as cargo ships; storms can blow up at any time out in the open ocean, so long trips to sea can be very risky. Even here in the Bay, life for most fishermen is difficult and dangerous.

Although fishing is the traditional work of the people from Tsukuda island, many of them have now taken new professions. Because of all the ships that anchor in this area to unload their cargoes, there is always demand for experienced boat pilots, who can transport goods from the large, seagoing vessels to the canal-side markets in different parts of the city. Other people work in the city, transporting people from place to place by boat -- as a sort of a "water taxi driver".
- source : Edomatsu



佃沖 晴天の不二 Off Tsukuda - Mount Fuji in clear weather
歌川国芳 Utagawa Kuniyoshi (1797 - 1861)

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

月影やここ住よしの佃島
tsukikage ya koko Sumiyoshi no Tsujidajima

this moonlight -
here at Sumiyoshi Shrine
at Tsukuda Island
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Takarai Kikaku 宝井其角 (1661 – 1707) / 榎本其角 Enomoto Kikaku .


Tsukuda, Sumiyoshi Shrine　住吉神社


Kawase Hasui 川瀬 巴水 (1883-1957)
- Honolulu Museum of Art -

- quote -
Tsukudajima
is on the opposite side of Nishinaka Dori from the Tsukishima Subway Station. Fishermen in Tsukuda Village, Settsu (the current name is Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka City) moved to Tsukudajima under orders from Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1644, and developed the area they had been moved to. As nothing remains the same for long in Tokyo, it has been developed rapidly over recent years but older houses that escaped both the 1923 quake and the infamous air raid remain standing, sandwiched in between enormous skyscrapers.
Shumiyoshi Shrine
is related to the Sumiyoshi Shrine in Osaka. When fishermen from Tsukuda Village in Osaka moved here, they divided the enshrined spirit and established this branch with the part transported to the Kanto region.
Local residents, fishermen and those who work on water often visit the shrine to pray for their safety when at sea.
- source : att-japan.net/en/city -


- reference : tsukuda sumiyoshi shrine -


. Sumiyoshi Jinja 住吉神社 Sumiyoshi Shrines of Japan .
Sumiyoshi Grand Shrine 住吉大社 Sumiyoshi Taisha in Osaka

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名月や佃を越せば寒うなる
山店 芭蕉庵小文庫

銀河立つ佃に晦き舟だまり
古舘曹人

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #tsukuda #tsukudani - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 10/26/2015 09:54:00 am

EDO - Yushima district

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Yushima 湯島 　 　


湯島天神社 / Hirohsige 広重

- quote -
Chiyoda-ku, Sotokanda / Bunkyo-ku, Yushima
After the founding of Edo, this area became a residential area for lower rank vassals of the Shogun, and before long the Yushima-Tenjin Shrine monzencho (a town built originally in front of a temple or shrine) developed.
Yushima-Tenjin Shrine was revered as a god of learning by people of every social station, and lotteries were held within the shrine grounds. From the Genroku Era (1688-1704), the shrine dedicated to Confucius was moved from Ueno-Shinobugaoka, and the Shohei-zaka School was established within the grounds, and became a Shogunate government authorized educational facility.
A Shogunate government riding ground (Sakuranobaba) was established to the west of the shrine, and was used as a forge for cannons at the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate government. During the Edo Period, the area surrounding Kanda Myojin Shrine was made part of Yushima.

- - - - - More ukiyo-e about Yushima
広重 / 湯しま天神坂上眺望 / 湯しま天神雪のあくる日 / 湯しま天満宮 / 湯しま天神
- reference source : national diet library : yushima -

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. Yushima Tenjin 湯島天神 .
Tenman-Gu in Dazaifu 大宰府の天満宮 and 菅原道真 Sugawara Michizane

quote
Yushima Tenmangu is a Shinto shrine commonly called Yushima Tenjin. This shrine was originally established in 458 A.D. in order to worship Ame no Tajikarao no Mikoto, one of deities appears in the Japanese myths. Later, in February 1355, the spirit of Sugawara Michizane, a historical figure, was also enshrined to venerate his extraordinary virtue as a scholar.

In October 1478, Oota Dokan (1432-86), a war lord in Kanto region, made the shrine building anew. Since then, many scholars and men of letters including Hayashi Doshun and Arai Hakuseki Confucian scholars in Edo period, have worshiped this shrine.
Nowadays many students visit this shrine to express their reverence to the enshrined spirit as Kami of Learning. Especially in the season of school entrance examinations, young students visit to pray for the success of passing examinations, presenting votive tablets called Ema.


ema 絵馬 votive tablet

The shrine is also famous for beautiful blossoms of Ume (Japanese apricot) in the precinct.
In February and March, "Ume Matsuri"(Ume festival) is held, and it attracts many visitors who enjoy the Ume blossoms.
- source : yushimatenjin.or.jp


. Ame no Tajikarao no Kami 天手力男神 / 天手力雄神 .

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Yushima Seidō 湯島聖堂 Yushima Seido, literally "Hall of the Sage in Yushima"
located in the Yushima neighbourhood of Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan, was established as a Confucian temple in the Genroku era of the Edo period (end of the 17th century).
The Yushima Seidō has its origins in a private Confucian temple, the Sensei-den (先聖殿), constructed in 1630 by the neo-Confucian scholar Hayashi Razan (1583–1657) in his grounds at Shinobi-ga-oka (now in Ueno Park). The fifth Tokugawa shogun, Tsunayoshi, moved the building to its present site in 1690, where it became the Taiseiden (大成殿) of Yushima Seidō. The Hayashi school of Confucianism moved at the same time.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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source : ndl.go.jp/landmarks
本郷湯島絵図 Map of Hongo and Yushima

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- quote
Yushima - Education at Edo's First University
The Kanda River is a man-made waterway that splits the high land around Kanda in half. The steep-walled valley that carries this river (actually a canal) through Edo was dug in 1638, as part of the Kanda Josui (Kanda water supply) project that Tokugawa Iemitsu organised to supply water to the city. Before that, the whole area was one large plateau. Today, however, the river cuts through a deep valley in the neighborhood known as Ochanomizu, separating two hilly districts. To the south is Surugadai, a residential area filled with the homes of lower-ranking samurai. To the north is Yushima, which is the site of Edo's largest schools, and its only "university" -- the Shoheizaka gakumonsho.

The Yushima area has been a center of culture and learning since Edo was built. In addition to all the schools in the area, which were constructed more recently, this district is also home to several influential shrines that were built even before Tokugawa Ieyasu moved to Edo in 1592. One of them -- Yushima Jinja -- has long been associated with knowledge and learning. Yushima Jinja sits on the top of Yushima hill, which is one of the highest points in the city. This shrine has been one of the prominent buildings in the area since the late Muromachi era.

From the top of the hill, there is a fine view out over the housetops of Kanda and Nihonbashi, and the blue waters of Edo Bay sparkle in the distance. As the city of Edo grew, many popular teahouses and restaurants grew up around the shrine. Customers liked to gather for long conversations at the teahouses, to enjoy the fine view of the city. In time, these teahouses became popular meeting places for teachers, students, academics and artists. They would hold meetings where they would eat, study, discuss important issues, play shogi (Japanese chess) and enjoy the wonderful view.

However, our destination today is not Yushima, which is several minutes walk from the Kanda River, but a smaller hill much closer to the river, known as Shoheizaka. This hill is named after the area where Confucius was born, and it gets its name because it is the main center of Confucian learning and education in Edo. The hill is covered by a cluster of large buildings that house Edo's main gakumonsho (school district). At the center of the district is the official government daigaku (university) established by the first shogun and run by the Hayashi family, who are the hereditary leaders of this university.

Shortly after Tokugawa Ieyasu became shogun, in 1603, he convinced a well-known Confucian scholar from Kyoto, named Hayashi Rinzan (Hayashi Razan), to move to Edo and become one of his main advisors. He needed a very intelligent individual who knew a great deal about government and social structure, and Rinzan was just the man. He helped Ieyasu design the structure for his bakufu government, and develop a set of laws to govern the country. Rinzan built his home in the area near Yushima shrine, and when he was not advising the shogun he gave lectures and tutored the children of leading daimyo and other top government officials.

Many years passed and Rinzan was no longer as busy helping the shogun plan government policy. However, demand for his tutoring continued to increase, so at last he decided to ask the shogun if he could set up his own private school, so he could offer more formal classes. When Ieyasu heard of this plan, he immediately commissioned Rinzan to set up an official government university, to serve all of the samurai families in Edo. He made Hayashi Rinzan the daigaku-no-kashira (head of the university) and decreed that Rinzan's descendants would always inherit this position.



Education is considered very important in Japan. Even farmers in rural areas send their children to the local Buddhist temples to study, or have tutors visit. In the urban areas, well over 90% of the population can read and write. The Buddhist temples across the country play an important role in education. Most Buddhist scriptures are written in Chinese, so in order to understand them, Buddhist monks and priests must study both Japanese and Chinese for many years. Buddhist scholars often travel to China to study, and they bring back many Chinese documents -- not only religious texts, but also books on literature, history, philosophy and so on. For this reason, most Buddhist temples have become centers of knowledge and education. In fact, Hayashi Rinzan was a Buddhist monk before he came to Edo to become Tokugawa Ieyasu's advisor

Ieyasu ordered Hayashi Rinzan to establish a large school that would be open to all children of the samurai class. The working-class people continued to get their education from monks and lay-teachers at the local temples, but Rinzan's new school was to be the main center of learning for the upper classes. Rinzan built the first gakumonsho near his home. It consisted of separate classes for different studies, such as writing, literature, poetry, history, government, and so on. The school was a big success, and it continued to grow steadily.

After Rinzan died, the school was taken over by his son, Hayashi Gaho, who developed a set of courses in different subjects, and who continued to build the reputation of the school. He was succeeded by his son, Hayashi Hoko, who many consider the most influential of all the daigaku-no-kashira. The fifth shogun , Tsunayoshi, was a private student of Hoko, and his early years as a student had a great impression on him. Tsunayoshi was not very athletic, but he loved reading and education. After he became shogun , he tried to repay his old teacher by paying to expand the school that Hayashi Rinzan had founded. In 1691, the shogun set aside a large area of land in Yushima to build larger and more suitable buildings where students could come to study. The area was named Shoheizaka (Shohei hill ) after the place where Confucius was born.

Tsunayoshi believed that education should be available to all people of Edo, so he decreed that the school should be open not only to samurai, but also to lower-class people such as merchants, artisans and farmers, as long as they could afford to pay the school fees. In practice, though, only a few rich merchants were able to send their children to this school. Still, the public lectures held each morning are often attended by commoners, and Yoshitsuna and later shoguns contributed funds to help expand the temple schools (tera-koya ), where the majority of lower-class people get their education.

Today, the gakumonsho is run by the great-grandson of Hayashi Rinzan. Although it has lost some of its influence, and it is no longer quite as open to students from the lower classes, it remains the most important school in Edo -- and probably in all of Japan. There are no grades in the gakumonsho; young and old students attend classes together, though in most of the classes they are separated according to ability. New students start out in courses that teach reading and writing. Younger instructors work with the students one-on-one, teaching them to read and write. At first, the students simply recite the pronunciation of characters and practice writing them. Depending on how quickly the student learns, this phase of study can take anywhere from a few months to two years. There are thousands of characters to learn, and the student must study very hard to learn them all.

After they have developed acceptable reading and writing skills, the students enter classes in reading, literature and mathematics. These classes usually have a few dozen students, and they take turns reading out loud from translations of some of the Chinese Classics, or from famous works of Japanese literature. This not only gives students a basic knowledge of the most important books, but it also helps them improve their reading and comprehension.

The higher-level classes are broken down by subject; for example, students may study history, government, poetry, literature or some other topic. In these classes, the teacher's role is mainly just a moderator. Students debate and discuss with one another the meaning and interpretation of various classic books. A passage will be selected and one student will give a speech explaining their intrepretation. Their classmates will listen, then debate the various interpretations with one another. The teacher may offer suggestions to get the discussion going, but will usually just listen as the students debate. Later, the teacher will give a lecture (often at one of the morning public lectures) and provide their own interpretation of the passage. This method helps the students improve their understanding as well as their debate and discussion skills.

The instruction at tera-koya (temple schools) is similar to that at the gakumonsho, but very few students pass beyond the first two stages, which teach reading, writing, literature and mathematics. Math skills are particularly important for merchant families, and nearly everyone learns how to use a soroban (abacus) in their first year at school. Although boys and girls are kept in separate classes at the tera-koya schools, girls receive nearly the same type of instruction as the boys. At some schools, girls make up nearly half of the total number of students.
This is much more than in rural areas, where girls tend to go to school for only a few years.
- source : Edomatsu


. Shooheizaka Gakumonjo 昌平坂学問所 Shoheizaka Gakumonjo .
and other gakumonjo 学問所 Academies of Higher Learning in the Edo period

. Hayashi Razan 林羅山 (1583-1657) . - Confucian Scholar

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -



猿飴の湯島の宮の七五三
saruame no Yushima no Miya no shichi go san

the Shichi-Go-San festival
at Yushima Shrine
with Monkey Sweets
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Mizuhara Shūōshi 水原秋櫻子 Mizuhara Suoshi (1892-1981) .

. shichi go san 七五三 "seven five three" ritual .
- - kigo for early winter - -


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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Kanda 神田 Kanda district　 .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 10/24/2015 09:56:00 am