Showing posts with label Persons. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Persons. Show all posts

3 Nov 2016

EDO - Atsuhime Tenshoin Satsuma


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. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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Atsuhime, Atsu-Hime 篤姫 Princess Atsu
Tenshooin 天璋院 Tensho-In

(1836 - 1883)

- quote -
the wife of Tokugawa Iesada (徳川 家定), the 13th Shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan



She born as the daughter from Shimazu Tadatake (島津忠剛) was the head of Imaizumi Shimazu (今和泉島津) branch family of the Shimazu in Satsuma with his wife named lady oyuki

She was originally named Katsu (一) by her parents. When she was adopted by Shimazu Nariakira, her name was changed to Atsuko (篤子), and later changed to Fujiwara no Sumiko (藤原の敬子) when she was adopted by Konoe Tadahiro.

Tenshōin was born in Kagoshima in 1835. In 1853, she became the adopted daughter of Shimazu Nariakira. On August 21, 1853, she travelled by land from Kagoshima via Kokura to the Edo jurisdiction, never to return to Kagoshima again.

Atsuko was thought to have been sent to Edo castle with the aim of helping Shimazu Nariakira politically. The question of the next heir to the Shogunate was divided between the choice of Tokugawa Yoshinobu, then head of the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa house and Tokugawa Yoshitomi, then head of Kii-Tokugawa house and later known as Tokugawa Iemochi. In order to ensure that Yoshinobu became the next in succession, Atsuko was arranged to wed into the Tokugawa clan.

In November, 1856, Atsuko married Tokugawa Iesada. In 1858, both Tokugawa Iesada and Shimazu Nariakira died. The 14th shogun was decided to be Tokugawa Iemochi. Following the demise of her husband, Atsuko took the tonsure, becoming a Buddhist nun, and took the name Tenshōin. In 1862, as part of the Kōbu Gattai ("Union of Court and Bakufu") movement, Iemochi was married to Imperial Princess Kazu-no-Miya Chikako daughter of Emperor Ninkō, and younger sister of Emperor Kōmei.
The Satsuma clan brought up the request for Tenshōin to return to Satsuma, but was rejected by Tenshōin herself. In 1866, Iemochi died. Tokugawa Yoshinobu became the next shogun. During the Meiji Restoration, Tenshōin and Seikan'in (Kazu-no-Miya's name after tonsure) helped negotiate for the peaceful surrender of Edo Castle.

She spent her remaining years nurturing Tokugawa Iesato, the 16th head of the Tokugawa clan. In 1883, she died in Edo at the age of 48. She was buried in Kaneiji in Ueno, Tokyo, together with her husband, Iesada.

The 2008 NHK Taiga drama Atsuhime (fifty episodes) was a dramatization of her life.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



Atsuhime (drama)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- quote
The Shogun's Queen: The Shogun Quartet
Lesley Downer

Only one woman can save her world from barbarian invasion but to do so will mean sacrificing everything she holds dear - love, loyalty and maybe life itself . . .



Japan, and the year is 1853. Growing up among the samurai of the Satsuma Clan, in Japan's deep south, the fiery, beautiful and headstrong Okatsu has - like all the clan's women - been encouraged to be bold, taught to wield the halberd, and to ride a horse.
But when she is just seventeen, four black ships appear. Bristling with cannon and manned by strangers who to the Japanese eyes are barbarians, their appearance threatens Japan's very existence. And turns Okatsu's world upside down.
Chosen by her feudal lord, she has been given a very special role to play. Given a new name - Princess Atsu - and a new destiny, she is the only one who can save the realm. Her journey takes her to Edo Castle, a place so secret that it cannot be marked on any map. There, sequestered in the Women's Palace - home to three thousand women, and where only one man may enter: the shogun - she seems doomed to live out her days. But beneath the palace's immaculate facade, there are whispers of murders and ghosts. It is here that Atsu must complete her mission and discover one last secret - the secret of the man whose fate is irrevocably linked to hers: the shogun himself . . .
- source : amazon.co.uk/gp


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 10/30/2016 10:27:00 am

3 Oct 2016

Mingei Ryotsu Kankichi Kochikame

http://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2016/09/ryotsu-kankichi-manga.html

Ryotsu Kankichi Manga

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .
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Ryotsu Kankichi and Kochikame Manga
and temple 種徳院 Shutoku-In


quote
Kankichi Ryotsu (両津勘吉 Ryōtsu Kankichi), often affectionately called
"Ryo-san" (両さん Ryō-san),


is the main male protagonist/antagonist of the long-running Japanese manga and anime series Kochikame by Osamu Akimoto. He is appointed as the Chief Patrol Officer of the Kameari Kouen-Mae Police Box.

Ryoutsu is a middle-aged man of a rather short but robust stature, who sports a crew-cut hairstyle and noticeably thick bouts of body hair, plus visible stubble. His similarly extra thick and curvy 'm'-shaped unibrow is his most famed asset, and serves as the signature image associated with Kochikame in general due to its uniqueness and familiarity with local Japanese fans.

While on duty, he is always depicted wearing his blue police officer uniform, i.e. blue pants and coat which cover his white buttoned shirt underneath, plus black tie. Unlike most other police officers from the series who wear the same uniform as he, Ryotsu keeps his sleeves rolled up to just above the forearm, similar in fashion to Honda. He also has the tendency to favour wearing wooden sandals (called 'geta') whilst at work, but is able to run at rather tenaciously fast speeds with them on (which may, or may not be, the reason as to why he does not wear black shoes).

In his spare time, Ryotsu commonly wears shirts and long pants when out with the others. Holiday episodes set in summer or beach holiday spots usually have him wearing an island shirt with shorts, sunglasses and sandals. When in the midst of intense physical work, he appears to favour wearing white sleeveless tops and jeans or trousers, and may sometimes choose to go shirtless.

. . . . . Background:
source : kochikame.wikia.com/wiki

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Shuutoku-in 種徳院 Shutoku-In
栃木県佐野市戸奈良町960 Ibaraki, Sano town

Kankichi is one of the こち亀六地蔵 Kochikame Roku Jizo statues in the temple compound

こちら葛飾区亀有公園前派出所
The six statues are modeled after the characters of the Manga.



People come here to pray for traffic safety.

The temple was founded in 1438. The main hall now war rebuilt in  1853.
There is a large bell tower in the compound.
A hall for the Kannon Pilgrim Number 21 of the
Sano Bando pilgrimage to 33 Kannon temples.
佐野坂東三十三ヶ所の二十一版札所の観音堂.



- reference source : wakataketei-onigiri -



.
Jizoo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 Jizo Bosatsu Kshitigarbha .


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. Reference : kankichi ryotsu .


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23 Sept 2016

TENGU - Priest Sanshu and Tengu


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. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア - Tengu ABC-Index .
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Priest Sanshu deceived by a Tengu
From the Buddhist collection of teachings and tails, the Konjaku Monogatarishū written between 1120 and 1140.
Sanshuu 三修禅師 Sanshu Zenji
伊吹山の天狗と三修禅師



The Tengu from Mount Ibukiyama 伊吹山の天狗 


source : toki.moo.jp/gaten
滋賀県米原市と岐阜県揖斐川町の境 Mountain on the border of Shiga and Gifu.
Written as 伊吹山、息吹山、伊夫岐山、夷服山、胆吹山、五十葺山、伊富貴山、伊服岐山
or Ifuki イフキ
There lived a Tengu called 飛行上人 Higyo Shonin "the Flying Saint".
三朱沙門飛行上人 - Sanshu Samon Hiko Shonin
(samon means priest)

He was very light, only san shu 三朱 "three shu" (一匁の四分の一 one-fourth of 3,75 g)
and therefore could easily fly from mountain to mountain. He lived for many hundred years.
One day on this way to come to help the Empress, who was ill, he stopped on a rock near Lake Biwa, performed some rituals and what do you say, the Empress was healed.

Another story about his activities is told below.

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- quote
A tengu deceives the Buddhist priest Sanshu.
James Kemlo

There once lived a Buddhist priest on Mount Ibuki of Mino Province. This priest was named Sanshu and he knew nothing but the reciting of holy Buddhist sutras and spent many years doing only this.

He taught his students only to recite sutras, but many were worried that Sanshu neglected to teach anything else.

One night, when he was reciting a sutra, Sanshu heard a clear melodic voice call to him from the sky saying, "Because you have been so devoted, reciting so many sutras for me, I will come to fetch you tomorrow at the hour of the sheep (1:00pm to 3:00pm)."

Excited at this, the next day Sanshu purified himself according to the Buddha, told his students to recite a sutra with him and, facing the west, waited for the coming of the Buddha.



At the hour of the sheep, he saw Amida Butsu (Amitābha) "The Buddha of Immeasurable Life and Light," in all his shining gold radiance, appearing from the mountains in the west. Bosatsu (Bodhisattvas) surrounded him, flying about him chanting beautiful holy words and playing beautiful music. Showers of lotus petals were falling from the sky and carpeting the ground.

In the midst of bright purple clouds, Kannon Bosatsu (Avalokiteśvara), "The Buddhist Goddess of Compassion," appeared and gave the priest a golden cushion. The Bosatsu carried him away to the west on the golden cushion.

After witnessing this, the students who were left watching began to value even more the reciting of holy sutras.

However, seven days later, when another priest went into the mountains, he heard someone shouting out sutras from the top of a tall cedar tree. He looked carefully and saw Sanshu, naked, tied to the top of the tree reciting sutras. Climbing to the top of the tree he untied Sanshu and asked what had happened.

"Why did you untie me? The Buddha told me to wait here for a bit until he comes back to fetch me." Sanshu became insane, and died three days later.

This is the story of a priest who, because he lacked the wisdom of the Buddha and knowledge of butsuhõ (the Buddha Dharma), was deceived by a tengu. The condition of maen (ma-en) (deception by Ma, the demon deceiver) and the state of sanbõ no kyõgai (The Three Treasures) are not the same.

Because Sanshu lacked the wisdom of the Buddha, he could not tell the difference between the two, and was therefore deceived. Sanshu could not differentiate between Ma and The Buddha, so he was led astray by a tengu.

Incorrect Buddhist practice leads to conditions that attract evil, that attract the powers of Ma. Wrong minded Buddhist practice leads to destruction. Only with correct practice and formal training under an accomplished Buddhist master attuned to the powers of The Buddha can one hope to achieve merit. One can only hope to correct en (the conditions of a previous life) through The Buddha's wisdom.

From the Buddhist collection of teachings and tales,
the Konjaku Monogatarishū written between 1120 and 1140.
- source : © James Kemlo

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Mount Ibuki is 1377 m high.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

................................................................................. Iwate 岩手県

In the village of 唐丹村 Tonimura the deity O-Shirasama comes to help is a home burns or there is a forest fire. This is related to legends of 飛行というと天狗 a Tengu called Hiko or the 仙人 saints of the mountains and other Buddhist deities.

. O-Shirasama, oshirasama おしらさま、オシラサマ "White Deity" .

................................................................................. Nara 奈良県

A man called 他惣治 Tasoji from 山添村 Yamazoe village once saw a huge firefly of more than 30 cm long. He followed it into the forest all the way to the top of 神野山 Mount Konoyama. There the firefly turned into a Tengu and Tasoji became its disciple. He studied for three days and three nights, and learned how to fly. When he came back to the village, he found his fellow villagers looking for him everywhere.
Tasoji could fly from Nara to Ueno in just two hours. He was now called

Tasoji Tengu 他惣治天狗


source : vill.yamazoe.nara.jp/folktales

Other sources say Tasoji was invited by
Iga no Ao-Tengu 伊賀の青天狗 the Green Tengu from Iga
and
Konoyama no Aka-Tengu 神野山の赤天狗 the Red Tengu from Konoyama .


................................................................................. Tokushima 徳島県

In the 板野郡 Itano district at the back of Oasahiki Shrine there lived a Tengu. If someone would stay with him for one year, eat only fruit of the forest trees an wild plants, he would be able to fly freely and become a 仙人 mountain saint, never to die. But the humans are usually threatened by this Tengu and he places them on a wooden door (toita) and carries them back to their home. Therefore those who came back are called
toita sennin 戸板仙人 Mountain Saint of the Wooden Door

. Oasahiko Jinja 大麻比古神社 Oasahiko Shrine .
Naruto, Tokushima

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. 四十八天狗 - 48 famous Tengu of Japan .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

- #sanshuandtengu #sanshupriest #ibukiyama -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 9/16/2016 11:09:00 am

6 Sept 2016

PERSONS - Toriyama Sekien



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- Yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - - ABC-Index -
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Toriyama Sekien 鳥山石燕
(1712 – 1788)

an 18th-century scholar and ukiyo-e artist of Japanese folklore. He was the teacher of Utamaro and before taking up printmaking, a painter of the Kanō school.
Toriyama is most famous for his attempt to catalogue all species of yōkai in the Hyakki Yagyō series.
- source : wikipedia


. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

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- - - - - Notable works - - - - -



The Illustrated Night Parade of A Hundred Demons (画図百鬼夜行, published in 1776)

Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (画図百鬼夜行, "The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons") is the first book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous Gazu Hyakki Yagyō e-hon series, published 1776. These books are supernatural bestiaries, collections of ghosts, spirits, spooks and monsters, many of which Toriyama based on literature, folklore, other artwork. These works have had a profound influence on subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan. (Also see: Hyakki Yagyō). The various creatures are described, below, using images to illustrate many of them.

- - - - -with illustrations of the demons
- source : wikipedia -

Toriyama Sekien Art Book
- and more reference at amazon com
- source : www.amazon.com/ -


. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

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The Illustrated One Hundred Demons from the Present and the Past (今昔画図続百鬼, published in 1779)

Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki (今昔画図続百鬼, "The Illustrated One Hundred Demons from the Present and the Past") is the second book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous Gazu Hyakki Yagyō series, published ca. 1779. These books are supernatural bestiaries, collections of ghosts, spirits, spooks, and monsters, many of which Toriyama based on literature, folklore, other artwork. These works have had a profound influence on subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan.
The three volumes were titled 雨, 晦, and 明.
- - - List of creatures
- source : wikipedia -

. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

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Supplement to The Hundred Demons from the Present and the Past (今昔百鬼拾遺, published in 1780)

Konjaku Hyakki Shūi (今昔百鬼拾遺, "Supplement to The Hundred Demons from the Present and the Past") is the third book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's Gazu Hyakki Yagyō series, published ca. 1781. These books are supernatural bestiaries, collections of ghosts, spirits, spooks and monsters, many of which Toriyama based on literature, folklore, and other artwork. These works have had a profound influence on subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan.
- - - List of creatures
- source : wikipedia -

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The Illustrated Bag of One Hundred Random Demons (画図百鬼徒然袋, published in 1784)

Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro (画図百器徒然袋, "The Illustrated Bag of One Hundred Random Demons") is the fourth book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous Gazu Hyakki Yagyō series, published ca. 1781. These books are supernatural bestiaries, collections of ghosts, spirits, spooks and monsters, many of which Toriyama based on literature, folklore, other artwork. These works have had a profound influence on subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan.
- - - List of creatures
- source : wikipedia -

. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

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Japandemonium Illustrated:
The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien

– November 16, 2016
by Toriyama Sekien (Author), Matt Alt (Editor, Translator), Hiroko Yoda (Editor, Translator)

Japanese folklore abounds with bizarre creatures collectively referred to as the yokai ― the ancestors of the monsters populating Japanese film, literature, manga, and anime. Artist Toriyama Sekien (1712–88) was the first to compile illustrated encyclopedias detailing the appearances and habits of these creepy-crawlies from myth and folklore. Ever since their debut over two centuries ago, the encyclopedias have inspired generations of Japanese artists. Japandemonium Illustrated represents the very first time they have ever been available in English.

This historically groundbreaking compilation includes complete translations of all four of Sekien's yokai masterworks: the 1776 Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (The Illustrated Demon Horde's Night Parade), the 1779 Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki (The Illustrated Demon Horde from Past and Present, Continued), the 1781 Konjaku Hyakki Shū (More of the Demon Horde from Past and Present), and the 1784 Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro (A Horde of Haunted Housewares).
The collection is complemented by a detailed introduction and helpful annotations for modern-day readers.
- source : www.amazon.com -

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. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア - Tengu ABC-List .



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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

- #toriamasekien #sekientoriyama -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 8/01/2016 06:07:00 am

5 Sept 2016

PERSONS - Akkamura Shunsaku


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. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
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Akkamura Shunsaku 安家村俊作 "Shunsaku from Akkamura village"
佐々木俊作 Sasaki Shunsaku

(1810 - 1837)
Also known as 茂右衛門 Moemon, he later changed his name to Shunsaku.
He was the eldest son of the village leader 佐々木茂右衛門.

安家村 Akkamura is a small remote village in 岩手県 Iwate prefecture. In 1956 it became part of Iwaizumi 岩泉町安家.

Shunsuke was the leader of two farmer's rebellions in the Nanbu Domain 南部三閉伊一揆.
He kept a diary about the events in his village, its bad treatment by the Nanbu regents and the ongoing famine for about 19 years, from 1830 till 1848.
He was one of the leaders of the two
Sanhei Ikki 三閉伊一揆 Sanhei Rebellions of 1847 and 1854
after a severe famine, walking with about 16000 farmers and fishermen all the way to the domaine of the Date 伊達 in Sendai, asking for help.

It all begun with blowing a horagai ほら貝 conch shell from a small hill in 田野畑村 Tanohata village. The sound was heard and passed on and the people begun to move South. They wore a small straw bags with food and even took a bowl with them.
Every village carried their own flag.
Some even had fire weapons (the matagi hunters), others bamboo spears and swords.

They went South along the Tohoku coast, via 宮古 Miyako, 大槌 Otsuchi, 釜石 Kamaishi and finally to the domaine of Sendai.
This was just three days after Perry had shown up with four "black ships" in Uraga, near Edo.
The rebels had a long list of demands they wanted to be granted from their new regent, not only including the farmers and fishermen, but also merchants, salt producers, cloth dyers and other businesses.
Eventually their 49 demands 四十九カ条の要求 were granted in written, 「安堵状」, 「御百姓」
At first, nobody was punished for the rebellion. But eventually just one, Shunsaku, had to be punished to "keep the law".

Shunsaku was punished with exile to 下北半島 Shimokita Hanto.
He was later pardoned and went to Hokkaido, where he lived under the name of
菊池政美 Kikuchi Masami.

Shunsuke had also been to Shikoku in 1842, and took the chance to walk the Henro pilgrimage, writing another diary, 西国巡礼道中記 .

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安家村俊作 三閉伊一揆の民衆像 Akkamura Shunsaku : Sanhei ikki no minshūzō
Chadani Jūroku 茶谷十六 Chadani Juroku (1941 - )

- quote
佐々木俊作 Sasaki Shunsaku
1810-1873 江戸時代後期の農民。
- kotobank -

"安家村俊作とは 
安家村(あっかむら)は、昭和31年(1956年)まで岩手県下閉伊郡にあった村。現在の岩泉町安家にあたる。
- wikipedia -

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南部三閉伊一揆とは
四十九カ条の要求を実現
勤労人民の自覚と誇りが
一揆支えた自治と協同の力
- reference source : nouminren.ne.jp/dat - 新聞「農民」2002.9.16付

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俊作(菊地氏先祖代々)のお墓 Grave of Shunsaku and the Kikuchi family

安家村俊作 with photos (5)
俊作(菊地氏先祖代々)のお墓。
俊作の生家は安家村川口
『安家村俊作』 茶谷十六
『一揆の奔流』『一揆の奔涛』『いわいずみふるさとノート』 佐々木京一
- reference source : takuworld.blog15.fc2.com -

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Posted By Gabi Greve to PERSONS - index - PERSONEN on 8/30/2016 05:06:00 pm

30 Aug 2016

PERSON - Yukawa Shodo



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Yukawa Shoodoo 湯川松堂 Yukawa Shodo
(1868 - ? )

Painter of Nihonga 日本画家.
He was born in Wakayama, and know as Ainosuke 愛之助.
His teachers were 三谷貞広 Mitani Sadahiro and 鈴木松年 Suzuki Shonen (1848 - 1918).
He lived in Osaka and was still alive in 1915.
The exact date of his death is not known.


- quote
湯川松堂筆  達磨図 Daruma










- source : chilyarennjiyanoyasai

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湯川松堂筆『達磨図』Standing Daruma






- source : -

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. . . CLICK here for more Japanese Photos !

. . . CLICK here for more Photos in English !

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- Reference - 湯川松堂 -
- Reference - Yukawa Shodo painter -


. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to PERSONS - index - PERSONEN on 8/30/2016 01:38:00 pm

PERSON - Baisao old tea seller


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Baisaoo, Baisaō 売茶翁 Baisao, "Old Tea Seller"
賣茶翁 (ばいさおう) / 高遊外 Ko Yugai.

(1675 – 1763)


Baisaō with his portable tea stand,
as depicted in a gently comical caricature painting of the late 19th–early 20th century

- quote
was a Japanese Buddhist monk of the Obaku school of Zen Buddhism, who became famous for traveling around Kyoto selling tea. The veneration of Baisao during and after his lifetime helped to popularize sencha tea and led to the creation of the sencha tea ceremony.

Baisao went by many names during his lifetime, as was common at the time. As a child, he was known as Shibayama Kikusen. When he became a monk, his Zen priest name was 月海元昭 Gekkai Gensho. Baisao, the nickname by which he is popularly known, means "old tea seller." He acquired this name from his act of making tea in the Kyoto area.
Later in his life, he denounced his priesthood and adopted the lay name of 高遊外 Ko Yugai.

Baisao was born in the town of Hasuike in what was then Hizen Province.
- snip -
Tea
Around 1735, Baisao began selling tea in the various scenic locations in Kyoto. At this time, he had not yet formally given up his priesthood. Baisao never sold his tea for a fixed price. Instead, he carried a bamboo tube with which he collected donations. He lived an ascetic life, despite his lasting friendships with illustrious individuals, and used the meagre donations from his tea peddling to keep himself nourished. As for his tea equipment, he carried it all in a woven bamboo basket he called Senka ("den of the sages") that he lugged around on a stick over his shoulder.

Baisao's method of preparing tea was referred to as sencha, or "simmered tea". In this method, whole tea leaves would be tossed into a pot of boiling water and simmered for a short period of time. This style of tea differed from matcha, the most common tea in Japan at the time, which consists of tea leaves ground into a fine powder. The method of brewing tea by grinding it into a powder and whisking it with hot water was popular in China in the Song dynasty, during which Zen Buddhist monks first brought the practice to Japan. By contrast, the Obaku school of Zen specialized in brewing loose leaf green tea, a style that had gradually become popular in China during the Ming dynasty. Sencha partisans of the time opposed the rigid, elaborate formalism of the traditional chanoyu tea ceremony, which uses matcha. The comparative simplicity of adding tea leaves to water appealed to many Japanese monks and intellectuals (among them Baisao and much of his social circle) who admired the carefree attitude advocated by the ancient Chinese sages. Baisao himself saw tea as a path to spiritual enlightenment, a point he made repeatedly in his poetry.

It is not known where Baisao originally obtained his tea leaves from, but by 1738, the sencha method of brewing tea had become popular enough that one of his acquaintances, a tea grower in Uji, developed new production methods to create a type of tea named after the brewing method. This sencha tea was made of whole, young leaves which were steamed and then dried. This technique differs from the typical Chinese method of producing loose leaf tea, which does not involve steaming. Baisao himself praised the tea highly, and the term sencha has come to refer primarily to the tea leaves produced by this method, not to the method of brewing them.
- snip -
Baisao's poetry and calligraphy
are considered important in the Zen history of Japan, especially in Kyoto where Baisao was well known. His poetry was highly regarded by the artists of 18th century Kyoto, which was more "liberal" than the capital city of Edo (modern Tokyo). Over 100 of his poems have survived. Some of Baisao's writings were published in 1748 as A Collection of Tea Documents from the Plum Mountain (Baisanshu chafu ryaku). In this text, Baisao argued for the philosophical superiority of sencha over chanoyu, and wrote that priests who performed the chanoyu tea ceremony were as far from the example of the ancient sages as heaven from earth.
- snip -
Today, Baisao is considered one of the first sencha masters. After his death, sencha continued to rise in popularity, gradually replacing matcha as the most popular type of tea in Japan.
- source : wikipedia

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高遊外売茶翁佐賀地域協議会
佐賀市松原4丁目6番18号 / Saga, Matsubara
- source : kouyugaibaisao.com -

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The Old Tea Seller: Life and Zen Poetry in 18th Century Kyoto
by Baisao (Author), Norman Waddell (Translator)


Baisao was an influential and unconventional figure in a culturally rich time period in Kyoto. A poet and Buddhist priest, he left the constrictions of temple life behind and at the age of 49 traveled to Kyoto, where he began to make his living by selling tea on the streets and at scenic places around the city. Yet Baisao dispensed much more than tea: though he would never purport to be a Zen master, his clientele, which consisted of influential artists, poets, and thinkers, considered a trip to his shop as having religious importance. His large bamboo wicker baskets provided Baisao and his customers with an occasion for conversation and poetry, as well as exceptional tea.
The poems, memoirs, and letters collected here trace his spiritual and physical journey over a long life. This book includes virtually all of his writings translated for the first time into English, together with the first biography of Baisao to appear in any language. It is bound to establish Baisao's place alongside other Zen-inspired poets such as Basho and Ryokan.
- source : www.amazon.com -


The Old Tea Seller: Life and Zen Poetry in 18th Century Kyoto
By Baisa Baisa

- source : books.google.co.jp -


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Searching for the Spirit of the Sages: Baisaō and Sencha in Japan
by Patricia J. Graham - 1996
PDF file

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Baisaō on a Footbridge by 伊藤若冲 Itō Jakuchū (1716-1800)

- quote -
賣茶翁 Baisaō (1675-1763)
..... Baisaō was an inspirational and unconventional figure in a culturally rich time period in Kyoto.
.....
Book reviewed by Joseph S. O'Leary, Sophia University
Book reviewed by Vladimir K.
.....

- - - - - Two quotes from Baisaō:
"The price for this tea is anything
from a hundred in gold to a half sen.
If you want to drink free, that's all right too.
I'm only sorry I can't let you have it for less."



"What's the tea seller got in his basket?
Bottomless tea cups?
A two-spouted pot?
He pokes around town for a small bit of rice,
Working very hard for next to nothing ---
Blinkering old drudge just plodding ahead ...
Bah!"



portrait by 田能村竹田 Tanomura Chikuden (1777-1835)

More illustrations and translations of his writing are here :
- source : terebess.hu/zen/mesterek -

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Making the busy streets my home
right down in the heart of things
only one friend shares my poverty
this single scrawny wooden staff.
Having learned the ways of silence
within the noise of urban life
I take life as it comes to me
and everywhere I am is true.

Rambling free beyond the world
enjoying the natural shapes of things
a shaggy eight-year-old duffer
scraping out a living selling tea.
He escapes starvation, barely,
thanks to a section of bamboo,
a tiny house with a window hole
provides all the shelter he needs.

Outside, carts and horses pass
annulling both noise and quiet
inside, easy talk at the stove
banishes notions of host and guest.
He lives under a row of tall pines
beside a temple of guardian sages
where the pine breeze sweeps clear
the dust of fame and profit.



I'm not a Buddhist or Taoist
not a Confucianist either
I'm a brownfaced white-haired
hard up old man.
People think I just prowl
the streets peddling tea.
I've got the whole universe
in this tea caddy of mine.

Left home at ten
turned from the world
here I am in my dotage
a layman once again;
A black bat of a man
(it makes me smile myself)
but still the old tea seller
I always was.

Seventy years of Zen
got me nowhere at all
shed my black robe
became a shaggy crank.
now I have no business
with sacred or profane
just simmer tea for folks
and hold starvation back.

Tr. Norman Waddell


Baisao makes a good case for a simple but elegant life of attention, beauty, and contentment that honors old age and the impermanence of life.
- source : spiritualityandpractice.com -

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朱泥ダルマ彫煎茶 Cup for Sencha
made from shudei 朱泥 red clay from China

. Sencha 煎茶  .
a Japanese green tea, specifically one made without grinding the tea leaves.

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仙台市の 売茶翁 ( ばいさおう ) の「みちのくせんべい」
- reference : takedala/dokugen -


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 8/26/2016 01:07:00 pm

EDO - Baba Bunko


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Baba Bunkoo, Baba Bunkō 馬場文耕 Baba Bunko
(1718 - 1759)
(享保3年(1718年) - 宝暦8年12月29日(1759年1月27日))



His real name was Nakai 中井, he also used the names 左馬次 and Bunzaemon 文右衛門.
He lived in the time of Shogun Yoshimune as a Ronin and spent some time in a temple. He also participated in 俳諧 Haikai poetry meetings.
Some of his work is called seijimono 政事物 "Political Writings".
- His most famous publications are
当世武野俗談
近代公実厳秘録
近世江都著聞集
名君享保録

He was executed at 小塚原刑場.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Toodai Edo Hyaku Bakemono 当代江戸百化物 A hundred strange things in Edo
(とうだいえどひゃくばけもの)Todai Edo Hyaku Bakemono
"An Album of One Hundred Monsters"
(Toodai Edo Hyakkabutsu)
This essay is not about Yokai, or ghosts or spooks.
He describes the "monstrous people" of his times, from Samurai to merchants to doctors to Kabuki actors and more.
青山三右衛門, 山田由林, 中村七三郎, 鵜野長斎, 紙屋五郎兵衛 . . .
- Read all the names of the 27 people here:
source : izumikawauso.cocolog-nifty.com
宝暦当時江戸市中の噂に上った、人物を、士庶とりまぜて二十七名、二十三章に記述するものである

- English reference : Todai Edo Hyaku Bakemono -

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- quote
A Christian Samurai: The Trials of Baba Bunko
by William J Farge SJ




Although Japanese scholars have acclaimed Baba Bunko (1718-1759) as the most outstanding essayist and public speaker of the Tokugawa period (1603-1868). Western historians of Japan have long ignored him. This is because Bunko's very existence contradicts the historical narrative that they have constructed. According to that narrative, Christianity in Japan ceased to exist by 1640, except in small, scattered communities, centered mainly on the Nagasaki area.

Through a close critical analysis of Baba Bunko's often humorous, but always biting, satirical essays a new picture of the hidden world of Christianity in eighteenth-century Japan emerges - a picture that contradicts the generally-held belief among Western historians that the Catholic mission in Japan ended in failure. A Christian Samurai will surprise many readers when they discover that Christian moral teachings not only survived the long period of persecution but influenced Japanese society throughout the Tokugawa period.

Bunko's bold assertion that a representation of the Eucharist would be more appropriate as a symbol for Japan than the coat of arms of the emperor or the insignia of the shogun would eventually lead to his arrest, trial, and execution. The legal proceedings against him reveal the government's embarrassment at the failure of its attempts to eliminate Christianity.

This historical and literary study focuses on the personal as well as the public lives of many of the historical figures who were prominent in politics, philosophy, religion, and culture in the eighteenth century. The decadent state of Buddhism, the decline of Confucianism, and the popularity of the Yoshiwara "pleasure" quarters are some of the topics that illuminate this new history of early modern Japan and of the survival of Christianity.

The first complete English translation of Baba Bunko's Contemporary Edo:
An Album of One Hundred Monsters is included as an appendix.
- source : amazon.com

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- quote about "A Christian Samurai" -
Baba Bunkō (1718–59), a samurai from Iyo domain in Shikoku, set out in 1751 to begin a new life in the capital of Edo (now Tokyo) as a bureaucrat in the government of Tokugawa Ieshige (1711–61), the Japanese shogun... - snip snip-
1. Deus Restored
2. Tokugawa Christianity
3. Popular Games and Monster Stories
Gossip about the samurai class and rumors of scandal in the private lives of public officials were constantly circulating in the capital. Baba Bunkō took advantage of his listeners' interest in the comings and goings...
4. Raindrops Falling in the Forest
The "monster" that attracted Baba Bunkō's attention as no other was the daimyō 金森頼錦 Kanamori Yorikane. Between October and November of 1755, Kanamori had arrested more than five hundred peasants from...
5. Baba Bunko's Political and Social Dissent
Although censorship was enforced sporadically and was never very effective during the Tokugawa period, the bakufu did take measures to ensure that security would not be threatened. Officials kept a close eye...
6. The Decline of Tokugawa Neo-Confucianism
7. Baba Bunko's Literary Heritage
Modern Western historians have not included Baba Bunkō in their accounts of the Tokugawa period, except occasionally in passing or as a footnote. Perhaps this is because they consider Bunkō's writings to be of...
8. Kabuki Actors, Monks, and Courtesans
The propensity of not a few samurai to become romantically involved with a male onnagata actor or with a courtesan of one of the "pleasure" districts did not go unnoticed. Bunkō speculates that their illicit liaisons...
9. The Breakdown of Social Order
10. The Christian Question
After Bunkō renounced his samurai status, resigned his government post, and began giving lectures criticizing various aspects of the prevailing culture of Tokugawa Japan, he turned to writing satirical essays and...
Contemporary Edo: An Album of One Hundred Monsters

- with PDF files to download from here:
- source : muse.jhu.edu/book -
Welcome to Project MUSE

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馬場文耕集 / 馬場文耕 (著), 岡田哲 (著) Okada Tetsu

Matsuzaki Gyojin Baba Bunko Muno Zokudan Baba Bunko Edo Chobun Shu
Buya zokudan (Secular tales in the martial field) by Baba Bunko, 1757)

- reference : baba bunko -

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The most extreme case was Baba Bunko (1718— 1759), the only writer throughout the entire Edo period to be executed for the crime of violating publication laws ...
- An Edo Anthology: Literature from Japan's Mega-City,
Jones, Sumie, Watanabe, Kenji
- source : books.google.co.jp -


Baba Bunko (1718?-1758), for example, who was active during the 1750s, was savagely critical of contemporary political authority ...
- Edo Culture: Daily Life and Diversions in Urban Japan,
Matsunosuke Nishiyama, Gerald Groemer
- source : books.google.co.jp -


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 8/24/2016 09:58:00 am

18 Aug 2016

GOKURAKU - Saburo Tengu Iizuna


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. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア - Tengu ABC-Index .
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Saburoo, Saburō 三郎天狗 Saburo Tengu
飯綱三郎天狗 Izuna Saburo Tengu


He is quite popular and represented in many illustrations.
He lives on Mount Iizunayama 飯砂山 / 飯綱山 in Nagano.
Also known as Iizuna Gongen 飯綱権現 he is worshiped at many mountains.
Izuna Gongen is depicted as a beaked, winged figure with snakes wrapped around his limbs, surrounded by a halo of flame, riding on the back of a fox and brandishing a sword.
- quote wikipedia -


CLICK for more photos !

- quote
Mount Iizuna (飯縄山 Iizuna-yama),
also known as Mount Izuna (飯綱山 Izuna-yama), is a mountain located ten kilometers north-northwest of the heart of Nagano, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Together with Mount Reisenji (霊仙寺山 Resenji-yama?), Mount Menō (瑪瑙山 Menō-yama), and others, it forms the Iizuna range. It has an elevation of 1,917 metres.

This mountain is a sacred site for mountain-based religious sects such as Shugendo, and said to be the home of a tengu named Saburō. According to legend, there was once a strange, edible sand somewhere on the mountain, which the tengu would distribute in times of poor harvest.
- source : wikipedia


. Iizuna Gongen, Izuna no Gongen 飯網の権現 .
- Introduction -
This is an incarnation of the Fox Deity, Inari. People pray to him for a bountiful harvest and good luck in business. He looks like a Tengu, a long-nosed goblin.
Some Yamabushi sects thin Iizuna (Izuna) is the original Japanese form (honji) of Fudo Myo-0, especially at Mt. Takao near Tokyo.



Iizuna Daigongen 飯縄大権現 Izuna Daigongen
. Mount Takao, 薬王院 Yakuo-In .

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- quote -
Tengu Saburō 天狗三郎 of Mt. Iizuna 飯綱山 in Nagano Prefecture. Also known as Izuna Gongen 飯網権現, Izuna Saburō, Mishima Daimyōgi, Izuna Myōjin, Daitengu Saburō, Izuna-Atago, Akiba Gongen, Sanshakubō Gongen, Akiba Daitengu. The Izuna cult is first mentioned in the Kamakura-era text Asabashō 阿婆縛抄 (1279) and associated with Togakushi Temple 戸隠神社 in Nagano prefecture. Izuna Gongen is also enshrined at Yakuōin Temple 薬王院 on Mt. Takao 高尾山 (in Hachiōji, Tokyo). Typically depicted in artwork as a Tengu riding atop a white fox.
Dōryō Gongen 道了権現 at the temple Saijo-ji.



Izuna Saburō Tengu 飯綱三郎天狗 (aka Daimyō Tengu Izuna Saburō 大妙天狗飯綱三郎, Izunasan Gongen 伊豆山権現, or Hashiriyu Gongen 走湯権現) is the guardian deity of sacred Mt. Izusan 伊豆山 (a Shugendō site from around the Kamakura period) said to reside at a hot spring on Izusan in Shizuoka prefecture. Over time the deity was linked with Hakone Gongen 箱根権現 and Kōrai Gongen 高麗権現 -- the three are considered one and the same.
In the Meiji period, when Buddhism and Shintōism were forcibly separated by the government, Izusan became a holy Shintō site and many of its Buddhist treasures were lost or scattered. Izusan Gongen is the Shintō manifestation of the Buddhist deity Senju Kannon 千手観音 (1000-armed Kannon).

Iconographically, Izuna Gongen is usually depicted in the form of a tengu [a mythical winged demon with long nose believed to live deep in the mountains], and riding upon a white fox, a depiction resembling that of the deity Akiba Gongen [Sanshaku Gongen]. Sanjakubō (三尺坊) of Mount Akiba Since Akiba Gongen is also believed to have originated in the Mt. Izuna and Togakushi area, the two deities are obviously closely related. Since the Buddhist counterpart (honji or "original essence"; see honji suijaku) of Izuna Gongen is said to be the bodhisattva Jizō (Sk. Ksitigarbha), the cult displays a mutual influence with the Atago cult (which involved an amalgamation with Shōgun Jizō or "Jizō of victory"). As a result, the deities are often referred to by the conjoined name Izuna-Atago.

The cult of Tengu Saburō is first mentioned in the Kamakura-era text Asabashō 阿婆縛抄 (1279), and Akibasan Sanshakubō 秋葉山三尺坊 (Nagano),
- - - - - - Continue reading
- source : Mark Schumacher -

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source : blog.goo.ne.jp/yorezo/e
飯綱三郎(イイヅナ サブロウ) Iizuna Saburo

- - - - - and more photos from
飯縄神社 Iizuna Jinja

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Izuna Gongen
A kami worshiped by practitioners of the Izuna shugen cult. Also called Izuna Myōjin, this kami is enshrined in the Izuna Shrine at the summit of Mt. Izuna in the district of Kamiminochi, Nagano Prefecture. The Izuna cult first appears historically in the second part of the Kamakura-period work Asaba- shō (1279), where the name of Mount Izuna is seen in the legendary origins of the temple Togakushi-dera. Based on this entry, the cult is believed to have first spread among ascetic practitioners (shugen) at Togakushi. Later, however, the cult became increasingly independent in the form of Izuna shugen, and in the Muromachi period it was led by a famous pilgrim guide (sendatsu) named Sennichi Tayū.

Iconographically, Izuna Gongen is usually depicted in a form resembling that of a tengu (a mythical winged demon with long nose believed to live deep in the mountains), and riding upon a white fox, a depiction resembling that of the deity Akiba Gongen (Sanshaku Gongen). Since Akiba Gongen is also believed to have originated in the Mt. Izuna and Togakushi area, the two deities are obviously closely related. Since the Buddhist counterpart (honji or "original essence"; see honji suijaku) of Izuna Gongen is said to be the bodhisattva Jizō (Sk. Ksitigarbha), the cult displays a mutual influence with the Atago cult (which involved an amalgamation with Shōgun Jizō or "Jizō of victory"). As a result, the deities are often referred to by the conjoined name Izuna-Atago.

The Izuna cult also underwent combination from an early period with the cult of the Buddhist deity Dakini (Sk. Dakini), and a kind of magical technique was adopted from the medieval period involving the use of foxes as spirit familiars. This belief spread even among members of the court and warriors; the deputy shogun Hosokawa Masamoto (1466-1507) was known to have practiced the Izuna-Atago techniques (ref., Ashikaga kiseiki, Jūhen Ōninki), and the imperial regent Kujō Tanemichi (1509-1097) is likewise said to have studied Izuna practices (ref., Matsunaga Teitoku, Taionki). Such practices involving on the control of spirit familiars of foxes (kitsune tsukai) later came to be called izuna tsukai.

The Izuna cult came to be associated with military arts as well, and Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin are known to have shown strong devotion to Izuna Gongen as a martial tutelary. The school of Japanese fencing called Shintō Munenryū is also said to have originated at Mt. Izuna. In addition to Mt. Izuna in Nagano, Izuna Gongen can be found enshrined at Yakuōin on Mt. Takao (in Hachiōji, Tokyo), Hinagadake in Gifu, and Mt. Izuna in Sendai. The Izuna Gongen of Sendai goes by the name Izuna Saburō, and is particularly well known as one of the "three tengū of Japan."
Some scholars have suggested that belief in this tengu was responsible for the Izuna cult.
- reference source : Kokugakuin - Ito Satoshi -


. Dakini Ten 荼枳尼天 Vajra Daakini.

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Tengu no mugimeshi 天狗の麦飯 boiled barley and rice of the Tengu

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Untersuchungen über "Tengu-no-Mugimeshi",
ein in der Natur massenhaft auftretendes, aus einem Kapselbacterium und einigen anderen Mikroorganismen bestehendes Klümpchen.


Bearbeitet von T. KAWAMURA nach den vom verewigt. Verf. hinterlassenen Handschriften
Naoye Ono
- source : jstage.jst.go.jp/article -



source : toki.moo.jp/gaten/651-700/gate669

北信・飯縄山の天狗の麦飯 Tengu from Iizunayama having lunch eating rice with barley.
The origin of the word Iizuna is 飯砂 "cooked rice sand".
It is also called 、飯粒・飯砂・餓鬼の飯, rice for the demons.
The Tengu use a ritual called 「飯縄の法」 to prepare food for themselves and the humans.



テングノムギメシ(天狗の麦飯)Tengu no Mugimeshi
... from 10 different kinds of moss
10種類程度の真正細菌の集合体で、Ktedonobacteria 綱 Ktedonobacterales 目、γ-proteobacteria 綱 Ellin307/WD2124、α-proteobacteria 綱 Beijerinckiaceae/Methylocystaceae,Acidobacteria 門 subdiv. など
- reference : wikipedia -


. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

神風や飯を掘出す秋の山
kamikaze ya meshi o hori-dasu aki no yama

divine wind--
digging up moss
on the autumn mountain


Literally, kamikaze refers to a "providential wind," the "wind of the gods." Long after Issa's time, the word was used to describe suicide planes packed with explosives that pilots flew into enemy ships.
According to Kazuhiko Maruyama in his edition of Shichiban nikki (Tokyo: Iwanami, 2.440), Issa is referring to tengu no mugimeshi ("Tengu's boiled barley and rice"): a kind of moss grows in volcanic soil.
Tr. and comment : David Lanoue


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暖かく天狗の麦飯抓みける
atatakaku tengu no mugimeshi tsunekikeru

矢島渚男 Yajima Nagisao (1935 - )

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Tengu no suzuri iwa 天狗の硯岩 Inkstone rock of the Tengu
at Mount Iizunayama




. suzuri 硯 inkstone, ink stone .

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. 四十八天狗 - 48 famous Tengu of Japan .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 8/16/2016 12:43:00 pm